As global conflict dynamics grow increasingly complex, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) offer a critical yet underutilized set of tools for advancing conflict mitigation. While traditional responses to conflict often center on political negotiation, humanitarian aid, or security enforcement, STEM-based initiatives can enhance the precision, reach, and adaptability of conflict mitigation efforts across all stages of conflict. This paper presents a structured framework for integrating STEM into conflict mitigation and peacebuilding, building on established conflict frameworks and core principles of strategic peacebuilding. The framework links STEM initiatives to peacebuilding goals, including reducing violence, creating safe zones, fostering social cohesion, rebuilding infrastructure, and restoring economic stability. Drawing on a diverse set of global examples, this paper illustrates how STEM-based interventions have been applied across pre-conflict, active conflict, and post-conflict settings. Furthermore, we identify persistent gaps in applications and propose strategies to strengthen innovation, coordination, and contextual relevance. By offering both a framework and practical entry points, this work supports a more deliberate and interdisciplinary approach to conflict mitigation and peacebuilding, one that recognizes STEM as a valuable partner in shaping resilient, inclusive, and sustainable peace.
Photo by Todd Trapani